Who is an Entrepreneur?

·         “The word entrepreneur is derived from the French “entreprendre”, meaning ‘to undertake’ and Joseph Schumpeter (a pioneer of entrepreneurship and innovation) accounts entrepreneur “a person who creates innovation” ⁽¹⁾

·         “Entrepreneur is the word's three syllables ‘entre, pre, and neurto’ their Latin roots. Entre means enter; pre means before; and neur means nerve center therefore, an entrepreneur "as someone who enters a business-any business-in time to form or change substantially that business's nerve center." ⁽²⁾

·         “Entrepreneur is an individual who take initiative to bundle resources in innovative ways and is willing to bear the risk and/or uncertainty to act” and further to an economist, “an entrepreneur is one who brings resources, labour, materials, and other assets into combinations that make their value greater than before and also one who introduces changes, innovations, and a new order” ⁽³⁾

·         “An entrepreneur is considered to be an innovator or developer who recognizes and seizes opportunities; coverts those opportunities into workable/ marketable ideas; add value through time, effort, money or skills; assumes the risk of the competitive marketplace to implement these ideas; and realizes the rewards from these efforts” ⁽⁴⁾

·         “An entrepreneur is the aggressive catalyst for change in the world of business in which he or she is an independent thinker who dares to be different amid a background of common events” and he further added that “entrepreneurs are individuals who recognize opportunities where others see chaos or confusion and they are heroes of today’s marketplace” ⁽⁵⁾

·         “There are certain identifiable skills that increase the chances of being a successful entrepreneur for anyone, whether "born entrepreneur" or not” ⁽⁶⁾

·         “Multiple studies have indicated that there may be an ‘entrepreneur gene’ or at least that people with certain genetic characteristics and personality traits are more likely to be successful entrepreneurs than others ⁽⁷⁾

·         “Identifying a particular kind of individual, such as the entrepreneur, is a subjective process no matter how well defined or understood” ⁽⁸⁾

·         “Entrepreneurial skills and behaviors can be natured, developed and acquired and that it is possible to improve an individual’s odds of being success. The younger the founder of a business venture, the higher the energy levels and drive, though the less their business experience, management skills, know-how, wisdom and judgment” ⁽⁹⁾

·         “I am more convinced than ever that entrepreneurship cannot be planned to any major extent in advance, and that planning even goes against the very entrepreneurial ideal. Entrepreneurship is rather about courage and willpower, being venturesome when experimenting and network, and about exploiting necessary mistakes as moments of learning” ⁽¹⁰⁾

·         “An entrepreneur is one who brings resources, labour, materials, and other assets into combinations that make their value greater than before and also one who introduces changes, innovations, and a new order” ⁽¹¹⁾

·         “A team might show many of the desired strengths, but even there is no such thing as ‘a perfect entrepreneur’, as yet” ⁽¹²⁾

·         “When I climbed the hills, I saw the mountains. Then I started climbing the mountains” ⁽¹³⁾

References:

1-       Solow, Robert (2007) “Heavy Thinker”, Review of Prophet of Innovation: Joseph Schumpeter and Creative Destruction, by Thomas K. McCraw. The New Republic, May 21, 2007, pp. 48-50.

2-       Lloyd E. Shefsky (1994) “Entrepreneurs are Made… Not Born”, McGraw-Hill Inc., 1994, pp. 206

3-       D. Hisrich, Robert, P. Peters. Michael, a. Shepherd. Dean, (2010). Entrepreneurship. 8th ed. pp.6, McGraw-Hill, Singapore

4-       Donald F. Kuratko, (2009), “Entrepreneurship”, Theory, Process, Practice, 1st ed. pp. 4, South-Western Cengage Learning, USA

5-       Howard H. Frederick, Donald F. Kuratko, (2010), “Entrepreneurship”, Theory, Process, Practice, 2nd ed. pp. 11, China Translation & Printing Services, China

6-       Matthews, Robert B; Stowe, Charles R B; Jenkins, G Keith. ‘Entrepreneurs – Born or Made? Allied Academies International Conference. Academy of Entrepreneurship. Proceedings; Arden 17.1: 49-55. Arden: Jordan Whitney Enterprises, Inc. (2011)

7-       Jason Daley, September 2013, “Are Entrepreneurs Born or Made? “Entrepreneurs Journal. Available from:https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/228273

8-       Bolton.B, Thompson.J (2004), “Entrepreneurs-Talent, Temperament, Technique”  2nd  ed. pp.43, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinmann, UK

9-       Chell, E., Haworth.J, and Brearly.S (1991) “The Entrepreneurial Personality”, pp.47, Routledge, UK

10-   Bjerke. B (2007), “Understanding Entrepreneurship” p.135, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, USA

11-   D. Hisrich, Robert, P. Peters. Michael, a. Shepherd. Dean, (2010). Entrepreneurship. 8th ed. pp.6, McGraw-Hill, Singapore

12-   Bjerke. B (2007), “Understanding Entrepreneurship” p. preface, Edward Elgar Pub. Limited, USA

13-   Boyettl, J. H., Boyett .J. T, (2000), “The Guru Guide to Entrepreneurship”, J. Wiley & Sons, Canada